Abridged version of original article by:
ANDY MILLER
The Atlanta Journal-Constitution
Published on: 03/06/08
In her old health care world, Karen Zapata used only HMO doctors, faced high insurance premiums and forked out the inevitable co-payments.
Now, with her health savings account, she pays lower premiums and enjoys more freedom in choosing her doctors. But she also has become a more savvy shopper for health care, learning when to ask for a lower-priced prescription.
It's a trade-off: Her new family insurance policy may offer cheaper premiums, but the first $2,500 comes out of her pocket. So Zapata sticks money into her tax-free health savings account (HSA) to pay medical expenses and offset the high deductible.
"I'm in control of my health care now," says Zapata, a DeKalb Medical system integration analyst. "I'm much better informed on how things work."
The popularity of health savings accounts has grown over the past few years, attracting employers and workers with a price tag that's significantly lower than other forms of insurance. Similar to a 401(k) account, HSAs are funded with pretax dollars. The money in an HSA grows tax-free. And it's tax-free when spent on health care. But, to be eligible for an HSA, an individual must have a high-deductible health plan.
Republican leaders increasingly have embraced HSAs as a private-market answer to both rising health costs and the uninsured. The idea is that policies with cheaper premiums and tax benefits will help small businesses provide insurance while helping to lure currently uninsured workers. Even financial rewards for healthy behavior — extra money added to a worker's HSA — are envisioned.
Skeptics say HSA growth potential is exaggerated, and that the accounts target healthy people, siphoning them out of insurance pools and leaving a sicker pool of patients — and higher premiums — behind.
Another problem: the lack of good, consumer-friendly information that allows people to make informed decisions on services, such as a comparison of hospitals and doctors' prices and effectiveness.
With the deductibles and tax-sheltered savings accounts, more of the patients' money will be on the line as out-of-pocket medical costs occur, HSA proponents say. So patients presumably will take time to shop for the best price and quality of services — and not seek unnecessary care. They will have a financial incentive to lead healthier lives. That way, health spending will be contained, along with employer costs.
Republicans say that something must be done to address the high number of uninsured or there will be more government involvement in the system — exactly what many Democratic reformers seek.
How much can HSAs grow?
"They won't have that big an impact on cost inflation," he says. "I don't see them becoming a dominant type of health insurance."
Consumer group Families USA says the majority of uninsured can't spare the extra money to stick into their savings account or even cover the deductibles.
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